I hope that everyone has a lovely Christmas. We are planning a peaceful few days - turkey, pudding, friends and maybe some gentle walks.
Of course this period before we get to that can be manic so here are some views of Howden as it was in the 1970s when life was maybe a little slower.
The picture is Wards Market Place shop
The photos are from various sources - Howden camera club, Arthur Henrickson and my own collection. I hope you enjoy them
We have had our first snow and I am keeping warm with the wood burner. I have had a cold which keeps coming back so it seems sensible to stay in and come back to Potter Grange. I am writing this as a part two because now, in the 1880s the Potter Grange estate has been split between on one hand the farm and land and on the other new housing.
This is quite a lengthy post but I hope relevant and interesting!
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| Dunhill Road, Goole. How it got its name! |
We saw in part one that in 1881 William Henry Carter Dunhill, the owner of Potter Grange had married Alice Whittaker Norton, daughter of Charles, a solicitor of Dan y Coed Swansea.
Their son Marcus Francis Henry Dunhill was born in 1882.
In August 1883 there was an advert for the sale of the Estate at the Queens Hotel in Leeds. Messrs Hollis will sell
ALL that highly Valuable FREEHOLD ESTATE, known as Potter Grange," containing a good residence, with garden and farm buildings, and about 140 acres of building land, situate at Goole, in the parish of Snaith. the West Riding the county York. The estate. which will be offered in various lots to suit builders and investors, is in close proximity the North-Eastern Railway Station at Goole and adjoins Booth Ferry road and the Hull and Doncaster Railway The land admirably suited for residences, and manufactories and works. CHARLES NORTON, Esquire, Solicitor, Swansea.
It looks as if 40 acres of land allocated for building and the rest kept for farming
In December 1883 the house and farm land was to be let
TO BE LET, OLD POTTER GRANGE, a good DWELLING HOUSE, Garden, and Outbuildings, together with about one hundred acres of excellent warp land, situate between the North-Eastern Railway and Boothferry-road. The tenant has the use of a wharf on the Aire and Calder Canal, also five cottages on the same property with a small quantity of land to each to suit the tenants. For particulars apply by to W. H. O. DUNHILL, Dan-y-Coed, Swansea
William and Alice's second son Carlos Miguel Guillermo was born in 1888. I cannot find out why Carlos was given seemingly Spanish names - the English versions would be Charles Michael William.
Could it be connected with the fact that in 1887 he and his father in law Charles Norton, of Swansea, went into partnership to work and develop a gold mining property at Datango, Mexico, each putting in around £4,000? [more of that later]
The Potter Grange housing estate
So the Potter Grange family gave Goole its street names - Dunhill Road, Carter Street, Marcus Street, Henry Street and Manuel St [not sure how this fits in!]
That same year the first new houses on the Potter Grange estate were offered for sale.
August 1888
TO BE SOLD, at very moderate Price, by Private Contract, in Lots or singly, to suit Purchasers, 18 excellently Built, Newly Erected HOUSES, in Carter Street, Potter Grange Estate, close to the new Recreation Ground. Commodious Back Premises and Garden. Leasehold for 150 years; ground rent 35s house.—Apply to Mr E. C. B. Tudor, C.E. Goole, or at our offices, E. & T. CLARK, Solicitors, Goole.
The downfall of the Dunhill family
All seemed to be going well for William and Alice Dunhill. But the 1890s saw a very public divorce and a prison sentence.
In 1891 we find the family in Newstead Hall near Wakefield with several servants including a 13 year old page. Mr Dunhill was a the Unionist candidate for the Osgoldcross parliamentary seat and was reported as giving several speeches. But in February 1892 he suddenly disappeared from the Lowther Hotel where he was staying giving rise to many rumours in Goole. Later events explained where he was.
In 1894 the Dunhill family 'dirty linen' was very publicly aired in most newspapers. I am including an abbreviated version of some of the reports.
The Sheffield Daily Telegraph, Wednesday, 23rd May 1894
In the Divorce Division yesterday before the President (Sir Francis Jeune) and a special jury, the case of Dunhill v. Dunhill (Frerichs intervening) came on for hearing. This was a petition of Mrs Alice Whitaker Dunhill for a judicial separation from her husband, Mr William Henry Carter Dunhill, a gentleman residing in London, having a residence at Newstead Hall, Yorkshire, and stated to have at one time been a candidate for one of the Parliamentary divisions of Yorkshire. The petitioner alleged that her husband had committed adultery with the Baroness Jeannie Frerichs. The adultery was denied and the respondent put in an alternative plea of connivance.
Mr Deane, in stating the petitioner's case, said there had been a supplementary petition charging cruelty, but he should not trouble the jury with that. He would rely upon the adultery. The husband alleged connivance on the part of the petitioner, and that she was a woman of violent habits, and that she had refused him conjugal rights.
The petitioner and her husband were married on the 5th October 1881, at the parish church of Cheverly, Cambridge, and there were two children of the marriage. They had lived at various places until February 1892. In 1889 they were staying at the Hotel Metropole, in London, and there made the acquaintance of the Baroness Frerichs. The two ladies became almost like sisters, visited each other, and there was no suspicion on the part of Mrs Dunhill of anything wrong until, in the early part of 1892, the husband made an excuse that he was obliged to go to Goole, in Yorkshire.
On the 12th February it had been arranged that they should give a dinner party at which the Baroness Frerichs was to be present. A day or two after the husband had gone, a letter came from the Baroness stating that she was unable to attend the dinner party. This surprised Mrs Dunhill and she made inquiries at Goole, and found her husband was not there. Then, knowing an invitation had been given him to go to Monte Carlo, she started off to Monte Carlo with another lady, and she discovered her husband at Nice. Going to a well-known restaurant, the London House, she saw her husband and the Baroness there having lunch together. It was stated they had been staying at the Hotel de la Paix, and passing as Mr and Mrs Dixon.
Cross-examined by Mr Bigham, Q.C., who appeared for the respondent, petitioner denied that she had not cohabited with the respondent since 1888. They had, she said, occupied the same room up to 1892. It was in 1890 they were staying at the Hotel Metropole, and they there made the acquaintance of the Baroness Frerichs.
Replying to other questions, petitioner said that she visited the Baroness in London at her residence, 56 South Eaton Place. Subsequently she and her husband stayed in the Baroness' house five weeks, while her husband had influenza. Afterwards the Baroness visited at Newstead.
Did you invite the Baroness to take her breakfast in Mr Dunhill's bedroom at Newstead? - Yes, but I was there. In fact, did not the Baroness have her breakfast there while your husband was in bed? - Yes.
Further cross-examined, petitioner said that in December 1891 she and her husband went again to stay at the Baroness' house, and she slept in the same bedroom with the Baroness, and in the same bed.
Petitioner, in answer to other questions, said she had asked her husband to come back to her. She suspected that there was something wrong at Nice, but she had not got proof. She had traced them to the Hotel Des Isles Brittaniques, and found them living as Mr and Mrs Dixon. She asked her husband to come home.
Did not you send for this lady with whom you were at that time alleging adultery on the part of yout husband? - I sent for her to tell her that if she would give up my husband I would abandon the proceedings.
Did you that night sleep with that lady? - No, and we did not breakfast together. She came into my room there. After her visit I decided to withdraw the petition as she promised absolutely that she would not see my husband again. I heard afterwards that my husband joined her the same night. I have a separate estate of £600 a year.
Mr Kisch, who represented the Baroness, said she would give a denial to the charge of adultery.
Cross-examined by Mr Kisch, petitioner said it was not until the filing of the petition in June 1892 that she was sure of the adultery. She denied that in 1888 the Baroness told her about the divorce proceedings against her, or that she gave her reasons for not defending the suit. In February 1892 she wrote a letter to the Baroness, in which she stated :-
"Dear Old Girl, - I am sorry I vexed you tonight. Please believe me I only meant it in fun, and I did it in the hope that you would so treat it, and remain with us here until we all went abroad together. I think you were rather hard and unjust for supposing for a moment I wished to remain anywhere where I was not wanted, and most of all when you did not want one. I hope you will come round in the morning pretty early. - Yours, as always, Alice. - Life is too short for us to fall out in, and as you will know just now you do not want me. It is I who am in great trouble, and want your sympathy."
In re-examination, petitioner said she did not know about the divorce proceedings brought against the Baroness by her husband until she received a letter in 1891 from the Baroness on the subject, in which she said she should leave the case undefended sooner than let an innocent person be blamed, and she added that it was a plot against her from the first, but even that she would put up with, rather than other names should be brought into the papers. The Baroness had from time to time not only promised but sworn to give up the respondent and not see him again. Except for the Baroness, there had never been any real trouble between her and her husband.
An inquiry agent was called, who stated that Mr Dunhill had lived at the house occupied by the Baroness Frerichs at 46 Ashley Gardens, Victoria Street, London, from September 1892 to June 1893.
This was the petitioner's case.
Mr Bigham, Q.C., with whom was Mr Priestley, for the defence, said that since 1888 the ordinary relations had not existed between petitioner and respondent. These strained relations went on until the acquaintance of the Baroness Frerichs was made. The petitioner appeared to have conceived an inordinate admiration and affection for that lady, an affection which was demonstrative and appeared to make her jealous of any attention that might be paid by anybody else to that lady. She afterwards went to Bridgewater, leaving her husband and the Baroness at the Hotel Metropole. He proposed to show that she invited the Baroness to Newstead, where the respondent had taken a house. There she invited the Baroness into her husband's bedroom to have breakfast, and was a party to familiarities that ought not to have taken place, her affection for this lady being such that she encouraged it and seemed to delight in it. If his instructions were right, she not only saw, but was a party to, familiarities between the Baroness and respondent - kissing and matters of that kind, which it was extraordinary she should submit to, much less encourage. On one occasion she offered to let the Baroness sleep in her husband's room, and she had also asked the Baroness to assist in making his bed. When they were in France in 1892, Mrs Dunhill stayed at Monte Carlo, and the Baroness and Mr Dunhill at Nice, and after she had seen them at lunch together at the London Restaurant she invited them to go and dine with her at Monte Carlo. If that story were true, then the petitioner had connived at misconduct, and was not entitled to the relief which she sought.
Mr Dunhill, the respondent, said that his wife had refused cohabitation since 1888. He said that when he stayed with his wife during an attack of influenza at the house of the Baroness, that lady went to stay at an hotel. Subsequently, when staying at Newstead, he was ill again, and the Baroness visited there. The Baroness had breakfast in his bedroom, while he was in bed.
Respondent, continuing his statement, said that at Nice, after finding him and the Baroness at lunch at the London House Restaurant, his wife appeared very friendly with the Baroness, and invited him and the Baroness to dinner, and they went. On a subsequent occasion, when he was with the Baroness, he met his wife, and she appeared amiable. His wife always called the Baroness "Jeannie" and "Dear."
Mr Kisch proposed to cross-examine the respondent, and this gave rise to considerable discussion, which ended in the President giving permission.
Mr Dunhill, the respondent, then said that at no time had his wife ever objected to his association with Baroness Frerichs, nor had she ever complained to him. She had never asked him to give up the Baroness. He settled £10 000 on his wife, so she had means to go on with the case, which he and the Baroness were ultimately forced on.
Will you explain why you took the name Dixon? - I did not wish it to be known I was in the South of France as I was a Parliamentary candidate at the time. I did not want my constituents to know. (Laughter)
You were expected to canvass the electors, instead of which you were at Monte Carlo with the Baroness? - Yes. (Laughter)
Why did the Baroness not pass by her name? - There was an allowance made to her under an order of this Court provided she did not use the name of Frerichs.
Cross-examined by Mr Bargrave Deane - He was 35 years of age. He was educated at a private school. He was a man of the world to a certain extent.
Where are you now living? - In Sackville Street.
Is the Baroness also living there? - Yes.
You heard your counsel state yesterday that your wife apparently assented to the life which was going on between you and the Baroness? - Yes.
What do you understand by the life? - Friendly relations.
Living together under the name of Mr and Mrs Dixon? - We only took that name abroad.
Cross-examination continued. - He told his wife he was going to Goole on business, and he was there for about six hours, after which he went abroad. He saw the Baroness the evening before he went to Goole. She came to call on Mrs Dunhill. He told the Baroness he was going on the Continent, and that he would first go to Paris.
Answering further questions, he said he returned from abroad with the Baroness. He subsequently went to Newstead Hall, and the Baroness also stayed there. He sent his wife a note, but he denied he refused her admittance. She was coming to remove her things. He did not hear the Baroness tell her when she came to the house that she might sleep on the doorstep. He denied that his wife had requested him to send the Baroness away.
Mr T. C. Worsfold, solicitor to Mr Dunhill, said he went to Newstead on the occasion of the removal of the furniture. Mrs Dunhill had attempted to break into the house. The Baroness was there, and the petitioner called her, "Jeannie, dear."
The Baroness Jeannie Frerichs was then examined by Mr Kisch. She said she was the wife of Baron Frerichs, but he obtained a divorce from her in an undefended petition. The decree was made absolute in January 1892.
Examination continued. She was always on very friendly terms with Mrs Dunhill until the end of January 1892. She told the petitioned about the divorce proceedings, and their relations were most friendly. It was not until 1892 that Mrs Dunhill made a complaint to her in reference to Mr Dunhill.
Asked why she passed as Mrs Dixon at Monte Carlo, she said she did not want her name to appear in the visitors' list. She was known to the hotel proprietor because she stayed there in 1888 with Baron Frerichs. Cheques were changed in her name. On the occasion of the lunch at Monte Carlo they were all friendly together. The witness detailed a number of times and places she had seen Mrs Dunhill, when she was always friendly. After the petition was filed she received a letter from the petitioner signed "Yours ever." Mrs Dunhill afterwards spoke to her about the writ, but the interview on the subject was not unfriendly. She told witness she would not put her in the petition if she could put anyone else in.
Cross-examined by Mr Deane - In regard to her divorce case she was the victim of a foul plot. She was married to Baron Frerichs on Derby Day, 1887, and he commenced divorce proceedings in 1890. Her name was previously Jeannie Hodge.
Do you represent yourself to be a woman of irreproachable charcter? - I never said that I was.
But I ask you? - I lived with my husband before he married me.
Do you mean you have not been a woman of loose life? - No, I have not.
Cross-examination continued - She left the house at South Eaton Place because it was not good enough. She had recently sworn that she was absolutely without means, which was true, as she was now a bankrupt. She denied that she had been the mistress of a man named Farnham, a married man. After the divorce she received £200 a year. The rent of the house in South Eaton Place was £80 a year. Mr Farnham's name was kept out of the case as a co-respondent. He was now in a lunatic asylum. He suggested making her an allowance if his name was kept out of the divorce proceedings. The sum mentioned was between £700 and £800.
Did he not between January and August 1892 give you £1300? - I do not remember the amount.
Cross-examination continued - His name was never mentioned as a co-respondent. When she went to Paris she met the respondent on the boat. He suggested them passing by the name of Dixon. He was now living with her in the same house in Sackville Street. She was the land-lady and he was the lodger.
What rent do you pay? - I have not paid any yet. (Laughter)
Has Mr Dunhill paid you any rent? - He pays me £2 a week for lodging only.
Cross-examination continued - There was no other lodger besides Mr Dunhill. (Laughter) She had dined with Mr Dunhill sometimes at the Savoy.
Re-examined - Mr Farnham did not want to appear as a witness. His name was never in the petition.
Mrs Dunhill was granted a judicial separation.
Bankruptcy
Things could only get worse and later in 1894 William H C Dunhill was declared bankrupt. The report stated that
At tbe London Bankruptcy Court, on Saturday, tbe observations were issued under the failure of W. H Carter Dunhill, late of Newstead Hall, Wakefield, and of Potter Grange, Goole, and the Temple, London, barrister-at-law.
The debtor, in 1887, entered into partnership with Mr. C. Norton, solicitor, of Cardiff, to work and develop a gold mining property in the E loro district, Datango, Mexico ; but which has not been worked since March, 1890, for want of funds. A receiving order was made in the Berkshire County Court in March, upon the petition of Mr. R H. R. Rimington Wilson, of Broombead Hall, Bolsterstone, West Riding of Yorkshire, and another receiving order was made in July upon the petition of a London creditor, and the two proceedings were consolidated. Debtor returned his gross liabilities at £27, 357, of which £2,077 18s. is unsecured, and assets £16,870, which represents the surplus value of the Potter Grange estate, Goole, after providing for the charges thereon.
He states that he was called to tbe Bar in June, 1884, and practised down to 1888, since wbich time he has been engaged travelling. Since 1885 be has been director of the Mountain Wire Drawing Company (in liquidation), and of the Sonth Yorkshire Wine, Spirit, and Mineral Water Company, Rotherham, but has drawn very little in fees. In 1887 he joined Mr Charles Norton, of Swansea, in partnership to work and develop a sold mining property at Datango, Mexico, he putting in £4,186 and bis partner £4,000. He states that tbe partnership still exists, but that the property bas not been worked since March, 1890, owing to want of funds.
That he took Newstead Hall, Wakefield, in 1891, and left there at tbe end of 1892. He attributes his failure to depreciation in the value of securities, to liabilities incurred by his wife, and to the heavy costs in the divorce proceedings brought by her in May, in which she got a decree of judicial separation.
He settled £10,000 upon his wife upon marriage, in which sum be has a reversionary interest, and he states that his income and his expenditure have been about the same, viz., £1,000 a year.
He states that in July, 1891 he had a surplus of £32.000 and that his rent from properties since then had been £1, 592 18s 4d. He puts down his household personal expenditure at £3,000; depreciation in the value of properties £12,050; expenses in respect of a proposed Parliamentary candidature £1,000 ; law costs in divorce proceedings £1,850 ; liabilities incurred by his wife £500. An unestimated asset of other property consists of a one-third share in the Mexican gold mining syndicate, estimated to be of no present value, and a claim against a railway company in connection with certain land at Goole, which, the debtor states, should realise a considerable sum. The debtor has lodged no proposal as yet.
Prison
Meanwhile Mrs Dunhill's father, Charles Norton, the Swansea solicitor was also declared bankrupt. He absconded and refused to appear in court and was subsequently arrested and put in prison. He was later also charged with misappropriating client funds and in 1895 was sentenced to five years penal servitude.
Boer War
William Dunhill's two sons Marcus and Carlos both served in the army. He himself aged 41 joined up and served in South Africa. He remained in South Africa where he died in 1906 of cirrhosis of the liver. Carlos was killed in the First World War in 1915. Alice lived in Kensington Place [possibly running a boarding house] died aged 81 in 1935 and is buried in Brompton cemetery. Marcus died in a London hospital in 1950 leaving £136
Back to Potter Grange
Thomas Huntington
Meanwhile Potter Grange itself was rented in the 1880s and 1890s to Thomas Huntington. He was a local man and had a flourishing draper's shop in the town and was a councillor. But he also farmed at Potter Grange where he died in October 1899 aged 73. His obituary tells us that
He was the first representative of Goole in the West Riding Oounty Council, beating Mr. Ralph Creyke, of Rawcliffe Hall, after a stiff contest, by 7 votes. He continued to represent the Goole until last year, when, owing to failing bealth, he did not seek re election. He was a member of the Standing Joint Committee as a representative of the County Council till 1893, when he was appointed a representative of the magistrates on that committee. For many years Mr. Huntington was a member of the Board of Guardians, and formerly acted on the old Parochial Committee which managed the affairs of the town of Goole uantil the formation of the Local Board. He was one of the first elected members of the Goole School Board, on which he sat for 16 years, half of that period as chairman. In no department of public life did he perform more useful work. Mr, Huntington was born at Airmyn, and commenced business as a draper 60 years ago. In religion he was Wesleyan, of a broad and tolerant spirit. He was resident of the Goole Liberal Association. He leaves a widow, one son, and three daughters.
Herbert Thomas Bennett
The new family at Potter Grange were the Bennetts. Herbert Thomas was 37 in 1901 and a farmer and potato merchant. He was the son of John Bennett who had founded Bennett Steam shipping and Sarah Ann Sykes and lived at Grove House.
Herbert Thomas and his wife Mary nee Taylor had married in 1885 and had children Stanley b 1886, Herbert Reginald b 1888, Robert Granville 1893, Marion 1895 and Herbert Thomas and John Taylor 1905[ twins]
On 4th Oct 1917 their son 2nd Lieut Robert Granville Bennett was killed
The Bennett family were still at Potter Grange in 1921. This is the driveway to the house.
Herbert Thomas and Mary left the area and moved to Ruddington but their descendants still live in the area today.
In January 1925 the house and farm were put up for sale at the North Eastern Hotel. The owner was Lord Wittenham aka George Denison Faber] but I have not yet found any local connections
It was described as the Potter Grange Farm and included outbuildings, stalls, granaries and piggeries together with 64 acres of arable land having been occupied for a number of years by Mr H T Bennett
It was bought by Albert W. Drury, solicitor, Goole, for £5,275.
John William Spetch
The farmer at Potter Grange from then until the 1939 was John William Spetch who was originally from Barmby on the Marsh.
The end!
This is as far as I am taking the story of Potter Grange. It later became an industrial estate known just as the Grange. It played a key part in early Goole history before even the Dutch river was dug, let alone the digging of the canal by the Aire and Calder Navigation.
So as we celebrate 200 years since the opening of the canal let's not forget some of Goole's earlier history.
Winter is here, it's dark around 4pm and this week we have had snow. I picked up some of our Russet and Bramley apples and put them outside in the porch for people to take away - I have never seen the trees so laden. But I think the windfalls will now provide winter food for the birds I have seen lots of interesting mushrooms and toadstools in the garden - but not any giant puffballs which we used to - sliced they went very well with fried bacon!
Inside I have been sorting out my collection of old photos and trying to catalogue them. I have hundreds. Some are old press pictures from the Goole Times whilst many are early postcards which I have bought. Others have been donated by people who know of my interest and have either given me pictures or allowed me to scan theirs.
The majority of my photos are of Goole and Howden but I have a good collection of local villages. Most villages are well represented - Airmyn, Swinefleet, Eastrington, Barmby, Gilberdyke, Newport, Saltmarshe, Laxton etc [this is not an exhaustive list!!]. But some villages seem to have avoided the camera - for example I have postcards of Sandhall but not Kilpin; postcards of Newsholme and Portington but not of Sandholme. But I go to postcard fairs and hope one day to find views of some of these places.
I am enjoying doing some research at the moment on the Goole area. Although the 'new' town is celebrating 200 years of the Knottingley and Goole canal opening on 20th July 1826 I have been looking at the early history of the area.
Potter Grange
I have been having a closer look at Potter Grange [ there seem to have been at least three different houses bearing the name!]
It was part of the Airmyn estate which was, before the Reformation, owned by St Mary's Abbey in York. It then passed to Sir Gervase Clifton who leased 240 acres known as Potters Close.
By 1629 this had passed to members of the Estoft [Eastoft] family who sold it for £1840 to Thomas Vincent, Susan his wife and John his son. It was described as
' that capital messuge tenement or farm known as Potters Closes now or late in the tenure possession or occupation of Robert Gilderdale of Armin Pasture.'
Thomas leased for 21 years at a rent of £40 a year 'A close of land known as the Low Grounds lying in Potters Close in Armyn to Sir Philibert Vernatti, Carlton Hall, West Riding and John Hill, Carlton, West Riding, gentleman'. One of the witnesses was Nicholas Yarburgh
[Philibert Vernatti was one of the original Participants in the drainage of Hatfield Chace and with others sued Vermuyden for the cost of digging the Dutch river. The usual picture of Cornelius Vermuyden is in fact that of Philibert Vernatti] and is in the Usher gallery in Lincoln
The lease allowed the lessee to 'cut dig and make one New River...build and make one good strong sufficient Bridge or passage over the said new River'. This of course was done and the so-called Dutch river split the Airmyn estate and there was therefore a bridge built to connect the two parts.
By 1698 the Vincent family of Barnburgh near Doncaster still owned the property and that year rented to Robert Mould of Gowle, yeoman a
'Cottage or tenement lately rebuilt with brick, with stable; Green Lane with hemp yard, containing one acre; also one little close now called the Messuage, containing 2 acres; Calfe Close containing 6 acres; two closes called Hill Closes containing 14 acres; situated in the Potter's Closes in Great Armine [Airmyn]
The rent was £8 10s each year for 18 years.
However in 1704 we find a later lease between Thomas Vincent and Robert Mould. The rent for this was £107 a year for 21 years.
This was for
the Mansion House lately built, all those several closes and parcels of meadow and pasture in Great Armin and Snaith being the Hemp Yard containing an acre, the Messuage and Calfe Close containing 9 and a half acres, Hill Close containing 14 acres, Sevy Close containing 30 acres, High Grounds or Bushy Closes containing 47 acres, Fowl Sike Close containing 2 acres, Wiman Close containing 13 acres, Chapman Close with half Metham Lane containing 24 acres, two other meadow closes containing 7 acres each, with the Low Grounds, Hills and Moors lying on the north side of the New or Gowle [Goole] River containing in all 138 acres.
This was most likely the house we knew [it has recently been demolished] as Old Potter Grange [later the Grange industrial estate - and not to be confused with New Potter Grange.
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| A 20th century aerial view of Potter Grange |
The Mould family of Potter Grange
Robert Mould the elder probably originated in the Isle of Axholme. There was a Mould family in Crowle in the seventeenth century and a Robert Mould baptised at Luddington in 1660. There was a marriage at Crowle in 1694 between Robert Mould and Mary Caister.
There were five children baptised at Hook, father Robert, but no mother named
1696 Thomas Mould son of Robert of Goole was baptised
1697 Robert Mould son of Robert of Goole
1699 Alexander son of Robert
1701 Elizabeth dau of Robert
1704 Ann dau of Robert
There was a death in 1721 of Robert Mould of Airmyn. He was buried at Hook
In 1722 Thomas Mould [b 1696] married Helen Lightfoot in Beverley St Mary.
Also in 1722 his brother Alexander married Jane Mitchell in York minster
In 1724 at Hook Ann Mould of ye Potter Close house in the township of Armin married George Wells of Crowle
In 1736 an Elizabeth Mould married Richard Steel at Hook
The family were at Potter Grange throughout the 18th century and played seemingly a prominent part in local affairs.
In 1732 it was recorded [in the Goole Town book] that 'Alex Mould and John Priestley have built a pew in Hook chappell and they have agreed that John Priestley is to have a seat there for him and his family as long as it shall stand'
Alexander died at Barmby on the Marsh in 1747 but was buried at Hook. This was explained when I found an agreement between Thomas, Earl of Malton and Alexander Mould of Armin, parish of Snaith, gent
'That Alexander Mould, who has leased the tolls of the Derwent for £500 p.a. will not demand any higher tolls or lock dues than those mentioned in an attached schedule'
We can also follow some of the Mould family from their gravestones which are in Hook churchyard.
Thomas born 1696 died in 1734.
Here /lies interred the Body of /Elizabeth the Daughter of Mr. /Tho. Mould of Potter Grange /
who died the 5th of June /1730 Aged 3 Months /
Also Mr. Tho. Mould of Potter /Grange who died the 5th of /Nov. 1734 Aged 38 Years /[ of Potter Close house in burial register]
Also Mrs. Helen Mould Widow /of the said Tho. Mould who /died the 11th of Nov 1764 /
Aged 66 Years /
Also Joseph Mould Grandson /of the Said Tho. Mould who /died the 6th of March 1766 /
Aged 8 Months /
Also THOMAS MOULD Son of the above /named THOMAS MOULD of Potter Grange /
who died March 18th 1812 /Aged 81 Years. He was living in Howden when he died.
In 1761 Thomas Mould [born 1731, son of Thomas and Helen] of Potter Close House married Hannah Hoole at Airmyn. Finding Hannah' ancestery was something of a challenge.
Hannah's father was Rev Joseph Hoole, vicar of Haxey from 1712 to 1736. He was a close friend of the Wesley family at nearby Epworth and there are several mentions of him in Wesley letters but then he became a vicar in Manchester where Hannah was born. He died in 1745 and his funeral took place just as supporters of Bonnie Prince Charlie entered Manchester.
Mrs Sarah Hoole aged 47 married Rev William Romley widower aged 50 and vicar of Whitgift in 1752. His wife had died in 1747 and he had nine children
Hannah Mould died in 1788 aged 51 'of Potter Grange'. Her mother Mrs Sarah Romley died aged in 1793 aged 91. Both are buried at Hook.
Sacred /
To the Memory of HANNAH MOULD /
Wife of Thomas Mould of Potter Grange /
who Died August 20th 1788 /
Aged Years 51 years /
Also Sarah Rowley mother to the /
above Hannah Mould who died June 20th 1795 aged 91 years /
The Mould family continued to live in the area at Knedlington and Howden
The Clark family
The Mould family did not own Potter Grange. And in February 1787 it changed hands.The estate of 459 acres was bought for £10,250 by the Clark family of Spaldington and Pricket Hill [near Wressle]
It was described as
Dwelling house called Potter Grange, Great Armin, including lands known as Hemp Yard, Calf Close, Hill Closes, Seavy Close, Bushy Closes, Foul Sykes, Winan Close, Chapman Close, Little Metham Lane, Great Metham Lane, Westoby Close, Nook Close, Two Weir Closes, Waring Closes, Twelve Acre Closes, consisting of 459 acres 39 perches and generally known as Potter Closes or Potter Grange Farm
Thomas Clark of Spaldington died in 1793 and was buried at Bubwith and his son William inherited.
In 1794 a further deed for the same property was recorded. This refers to John Clark was of Pricket Hill and William Clark who was of Potter Grange. Confusingly in 1809 it was John Clark of Potter Grange who was paying game duty.
The Clark family are the same family who owned property in Asselby and Barmby and who lived at Knedlington. They are a complicated family to untangle so here we will just look at their connections with Potter Grange.
New Potter Grange
In 1803 we get the first mention of New Potter Grange. William Smith of 'New Grange' farmer leased from Samuel Nicholson of Rawcliffe Grange for £250.
the 'Newly erected dwelling house called New Grange, Snaith, West Riding, also closes of land lying on the west side of Potter Grange Farm containing 234 acres consisting of Chapman Close, West Watson's Close, North and West Warings, Foulsike Close, North, South and West Hill Closes, West Moor Closes and Little Moor Close
Witnesses were John Clark and Thomas Eadon
Back to the Clarks
In 1826 at Howden John Clark of Potter Grange married Hannah youngest daughter of Mr Thomas Carter of Howden. This marriage had an effect on Goole history which is still relevant today.
Their daughter Hannah Carter Clark was born at Potter Grange in 1828. But in 1833 not only did John Clark senior die but also his son.
On May 19th 1833 John Clark aged 79 of Potter Grange died. His death is in Airmyn registers but a note says he was buried in Hook Chapel yard possibly because by then Airmyn churchyard was overcrowded.
Then on 4th November 1833 John Clark age 32 of Potter Grange died; again he is in Airmyn burials but is buried in Hook Chapel yard.
This left Hannah with a five year old daughter and a lot of property! Her Carter family took over Potter Grange and she and Hannah moved back to Howden where they lived in 69 Hailgate, [now the East Riding council office].
The Carter family
The Carter family first came to Howden in the 1770s when Thomas Carter bought the White Horse inn. They were involved with brewing having a brewery at Market Weighton and one at Knottingley. Branches of the family at various times owned the Board inn, the Howden Packet [now the Wheatsheaf] no 87 Hailgate, Hail Farm and mill, the Dog and Duck and probably built the malt kiln, now houses but formerly Glews workshop on Hailgate.
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| The White Horse inn |
Hannah's father, was Thomas jnr who married Elizabeth Cood at Eastrington in 1794. They had children including, John b 1799 and Hannah b 1807.
So it was Hannah's brother John, a wine and spirit merchant in Howden who came to Potter Grange. His wife Sarah had died in 1831. He married Mary Spencer at Conisborough in 1833.
In April 1839 there was an accident at Booth ferry. The newspaper report describes how
On Monday, about noon, as the ferry boat was proceeding across the river with a valuable load of goods belonging to Mr. John Carter, of Howden. wine and spirit merchant, who was removing them to his residence at Potter Grange Farm, near Goole, the boat had reached the main channel of the river, and within a short distance of the Booth Ferry side it became unmanageable, in consequence of the wind blowing fresh from the east, and the ebb tide running very strong, the river being in a very agitated state. The captain of a brig at anchor observing they were in imminent danger threw out a rope to their assistance, but it is believed that in the hurry and confusion of the moment, that they had failed in securing it effectually, as the boat instantly filled and went down, and the whole party were immersed in the water.
We are sorry to state that one of the ferrymen, of the name of John Palmer, and John Wood, Mr. Carter's servant, were both unfortunately drowned. Mr Fish, of Howden, bread baker, who was in the boat at the time of this melancholy accident, was providentially saved, by catching hold of the foot of a chest of drawers which carried him to a considerable distance down the river, until he was rescued by a boat from the brig. Mr. Brook, of Armin, who was also in the boat, caught hold of the bridle of the horse, which swam on shore with him, and the other ferryman, of the name of Woollas. was saved by supporting himself with the oar until assistance was procure . Great credit is due to Mr. Wells for his proper attention in procuring medical aid, and alleviating the sufferings of the survivors, who are all doing well. The two unfortunate men who were drowned have left large families to lament their loss, and we are sorry to say their bodies have not yet been found.
In 1841 John was described as a farmer at Potter Grange and had a young family and six servants including a governess.
Sadly there is a report in April 1843 that the infant William Henry, youngest child of Mr John Carter of Potter Grange had died. He was buried at Howden
John Carter himself died in February 1853 at Potter Grange. He was buried at Howden and described as a wine and spirit merchant
Dr Charles Henry Dunhill
The following year, 1854 John's daughter, Hannah Carter Clark married Dr Charles Henry Dunhill at Howden. He was a member of the large Dunhill family of Pontefract who are credited with 'inventing' the liquorice sweet the Pontefract cake. But there is no evidence that he personally was involved in liquorice growing!!
From his obituary in 1899 we learn that
He commenced his medical career as a pupil of the late Dr Caleb Williams, and entered as a student at the York College of Medicine. Afterwards he studied at King's College London, and became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons and Licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries in 1847. He received the Licence of the Royal College of Physicians of London in 1852, and in the same year graduated as Doctor of Medicine at the University of Aberdeen. After filling some minor appointments, Dr. Dunhill became House Surgeon to the Pontefract Dispensary, and subsequently was engaged in practise for ten years at Cranbrook, in Kent. He came to York for good in 1863, when he suceeded the late Mr James Alien, surgeon, who resided at the corner house of Little Blake Street, now the corner of Duncombe Place.
Charles and Hannah had two children Bertha Maud Clark Dunhill, b 1855 and William Henry Carter Dunhill b 1858 baptised at Cranbrook.
But in March 1863 at York Hannah died suddenly aged only 34 and in August Bertha died aged 8.
So her son William became the heir to Potter Grange.
This is where the stories of Potter Grange and the Dunhill family diverge
The house and land
Thomas Briggs
By 1861 it was tenanted by Thomas Briggs who in 1851 was a butcher on Barge Dock side in Goole. He had a son David and wife Ann.
Thomas died in 1864 at Potter Grange. His impressive tomb, shown below, is in Snaith churchyard [thanks Jane for the picture]
His widow Ann stayed on at Potter Grange until her death in 1874. Their son David moved to Womersley and married Elizabeth 'Lilly' Hirst. Their son William Hirst Briggs was born in 1870. David's story then takes an interesting turn, not to be expanded on here but basically he left his family in 1879 and emigrated to Nebraska where he married [bigamously?] and had a second family of 10 children.
In 1881 Thomas Huntington and his family were living at Potter Grange - he was described as draper and farmer.
Also in 1881 William Henry Carter Dunhill aged 23 married Alice Whitaker Norton. Her father Charles was a solicitor in South Wales. William trained as a solicitor and was called to the bar in 1884.
William and Alice had two sons. Marcus Francis Henry was born in 1882 and Carlos Miguel Guillermo was born in 1888.
This is a good place to conclude the first part of the Potter Grange story. I shall write part 2 soon but am now going out to defrost the car after snow yesterday and a sharp frost last night.
It's autumn - we've had the woodburner lit; we're drowning!! in apples and giving everyone who visits a bag of them and leaves on several of our trees are going orange and brown.
I have had a busy couple of weeks, trying to organise my collection of local history material and being involved in two exhibitions for heritage week.
The first was in Eastrington church on September 13th in conjunction with my cousin Richard Sellers, a radio amateur who was broadcasting from the church as part of CHOTA [ churches and chapels on air]. I printed out a lot of pictures of the village showing how it has changed and also set up some displays on village history including one about our Nurse family who have lived there since at least 1690.
It was a lovely event - church helpers served tea and cakes and I met friends that I had not seen since I was at school with them over 50 years ago!!
Then a week later the Howden civic society of which I am a member displayed material about the R100 airship and the Burney car both of which were built at Howden. I also took a walk around the town explaining something of the history to visitors who had come to see this sometimes overlooked gem of East Yorkshire.
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| A colourised picture of the R100 in flight. After it was launched in December 1929 it never returned to Howden as there was no mast there. |
And yesterday I gave an illustrated talk to a small history group in the Scholfield memorial hall about the villages of Howdenshire.
In between all that I attended a concert organised by the Hornsea Music Society who are celebrating their 80th birthday this year. The weather was awful - torrential rain and wind - but there was a large audience to listen to my daughter Amy Butler [right] on piano and Boglarka Gyorgy on violin.
When I was at Eastrington a lady brought an old newspaper dating from 1960 which she let me copy. I have transcribed it and thought it would be interesting particularly to anyone who like me lived in Eastrington then.
Times Change and nothing could be more illustrative of this than the village of Eastrington, near Howden.
In keeping pace with progress the village has had to discard much of its traditional way of life, but, thankfully, this has not resulted in a loss of character and charm.
Perhaps the two strongest links with the past are its church St. Michael's (the Vicar is the Rev. Maurice Clarke). and the Nurse family, who have been joiners in the village for over 200 years.
St. Michael's is one of the most historic churches in the East Riding and on its site there has been a place of worship though not the – present one for over 1 000 years. St. Michael's was begun in about 1320. Pieces of Saxon and Norman architecture can be found in the fabric of the church, and this may be evidence of the village's early beginnings.
Mr. Clarke holds the theory. although he has not been able to substantiate it, that Eastrington may have been a place where Saxons held religious festivals, particularly to their Goddess of Spring, who is called Estra.
The earliest records of the village show that the parish was in the Diocese of Peterborough. and was later transferred to the Prior and Convent of Durham by William the Conqueror
The other link is as has been said the Nurse family. Mr. Clifford Nurse owns the business and when he retires it will be taken over by his son, 37-year-old Jack Nurse who already assists his father.
But with Jack the business may end. for, although married, both his children are daughters. Surprisingly. Jack and his father have no regrets about this.
"There’s nothing in the joinery business in the country these days," Mr. Clifford Nurse says. " It's all hard work and very little money. " It became a dying business
We were wheelwrights principally, and joinery was only a branch of the family business. But wheelwrights haven't been wanted for several years."
Jack shares the view of hs father. Like him he was born into the business and is content to stay in it until the day he retires. But he has no wish for his own family to carry on tradition.
For many years Mr Clifford Nurse was in partnership with his brother Robert—the partnership started when their father died —until he retired. Now Mr Robert Nurse, is 78. and his wife live in a bungalow in the village.
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| Clifford and Robert Nurse [ my grandfather] |
The decline in the need for a village joiner is an illustration of the changing attitudes and demands of the village. Another is the absence of any blacksmith working in the village; some years ago there were two.
There is, however. a blacksmith living in the village, Mr. Wilfred Clarke but he goes to Brough to work. He is also the licensee of the Black Swan Inn at Eastrington.
Formerly practically everybody in the village was employed in agriculture, but the advent of mechanisation, which brought about the demise of the wheelwright, has also resulted in a drift from the land.
This drift however has not been total, and one of the principal farmers in the parish is Mr. S. D. White, who is prominently connected with the public and social life of the village.
He is vice-chairman of Howden Rural Council and chairman of the Housing Committee. He is a former chairman of the Parish Council. and chairman of the Eastrington and Gilberdyke Burial Committee.
Mr White is also chairman of the Village Hall. Association, president of the British Legion branch and assistant secretary of the Eastrington Agricultural Society
The clerk to the Parish Council is journalist Mr. W. N. Hains who is also closely connected with public life and village affairs. He was chairman of the Village Hall Association and has been its secretary and treasurer for the past ten years.
He has been a member of the Howden Rural Council for 2 years and is secretary of the Agricultural Society and clerk to the Burial Committee.
Mr Hains's record of service to the parish church is probably unique. He has been a member of the choir 43 years, a bellringer 37 years, a member of the church council 40 years, and was a churchwarden 25 years. secretary and treasurer of the church council for 21 years and a choirmaster for 14 years.
The present wardens incidentally are Mr. Arthur Leadill (vicar's warden) and Mr. John Broader Bradshaw (people's warden).
Mr Leadill has been the stationmaster at Eastrington and North Howden for the past 16 years and through his hobby— gardening—he has brought a certain amount of distinction to the village.
In the annual station garden competition, run by the North East Region, British Railways. Eastrington station—which is on the Hull-Leeds line—has been awarded first certificates every year since 1954.
Working with Mr. Leadill are three porter-signalmen—Mr. J. N. Stephenson and Mr. H. W. Stephenson who are brothers, and Mr. W. Smith.
The past 50 years have brought many changes to the village— piped water, mains. electricity and the telephone. Since the war council houses have been erected in Pinfold Street and older property is now being demolished as it becomes vacant
The name Pinfold provides another link with the past. The site on which the houses are built was once an enclosed space where stray cattle were kept until they were collected by the owner. These enclosures were found in many villages and were known as pinfolds.
The village school—the headmaster is Mr Richard M Thomas a Welshman—is very progressive. Despite the shortage of space the children have shown a keen enthusiasm for extra subjects like photography. weaving and pottery. There are 74 children on the roll and their ages range from 5 to 11 plus.
The school has an advantage over many similar schools in that it has an endowment fund,
During the summer months Mr. Thomas, who has been at the school for only two years, and his wife take groups of children on week-end trips to various parts of the country. The money for this, incidentally, does not come from the endowment fund. The children have to contribute so much themselves.
So far they have been to Derbyshire, the Lake District and several resorts on the East
Coast. Last summer Mr. Thomas and his wife took a small group on a week's holiday to Norfolk.
He strongly believes in helping the children to get out of the village and see the world around them. It helps to broaden their mind, and he has seen the benefit of the trips in the standard of work they do.
Mr. Thomas, who is a member of the village agricultural society, has found the children very interested in astronomy, and the elder members of the school have built their own telescope. school enters the Howden and district Festival of Arts, and the school choir sang in a carol service at the parish church last Christmas. after attending the Howden area carol festival. Every Monday morning the children attend St. Michael's Church and there is an end-of year leaving service. Every Christmas a party and film show is held. This is provided for by the fund. and every year a jumble sale organised by child-ren. is held to raise money. Mr Thomas says he has found the parents extremely helpful in making the sale and other activities a success.
The other teachers at the school are Mrs. D Leadill Mrs. E. White who is also leader of
the village youth club and junior guild and Mrs. J. Watson, who teaches part-time.
There is a school canteen on the premises the cook being Mrs. H.Lilley, and her assistant is Mrs D. Hampson.
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| Eastrington school around 1960. Teachers Mr Thomas, Mrs Leadill on left; Mrs White, Mrs Watson on right |
This blog post has several personal connections and I make no apology for that. In fact I first became interested in local history when my mother explained to me about how long her family had lived in Eastrington.
Although the Nurse family name is no longer represented in the village there are Nurse family descendants all over the globe who often contact me now we have easy internet communication. But try as I can I cannot quite make the connection with Rebecca Nurse who died as a witch in the Salem witch trials. I have visited her home in USA and perhaps some of my relatives have been a bit witch like - but that's as far as it goes!!!!
I was surprised to notice that it was May when I last wrote a blog post. That does not mean that I have not been looking at local history but have not been writing it on here. So here is a catch up!!
It is a hot summer and we now have a hosepipe ban. The vegetables seem to have come and gone very quickly but we have a lot of spinach and courgettes. I have three new chickens - they came as small chicks but are now fully feathered and are almost ready to be introduced to the bigger ones!
I spent a busy time in Junction in Goole where we - ie the Boothferry family and Local History group had an exhibition for two weeks. We saw a lot of people and now have our own facebook page to keep us up to date.
I am now looking forward to and preparing for an exhibition in Eastrington church on 13th September. This is a heritage day event and I am working with a radio amateur - who happens to be my cousin. He- with colleagues - will be broadcasting from the church that day.
I recently listened to a talk about the life of William Eden Cass who was Goole's first doctor. I thought I would add some family details here.
William was born in Howden in October 1801. His father William had married Elizabeth Justice in 1800.
The Justice family, about whom I have a lot of information, originated in the Snaith area and owned land in Cowick, Newland, Airmyn and Fishlake.
Elizabeth was the daughter of David and Dorothy nee Bolton and was baptised at Snaith in 1771. She had six brothers and sisters including William Andrew and Dorothy.
William Andrew Justice who died 1830 was a stationer in Howden in the premises which are now Boots chemist.
Dorothy in 1799 married William Small of London. William died in London in 1829 aged 60. They had five surviving children, including David Justice Small, Justice Small and Alfred Small. David, a printer, emigrated in 1833 to Newark New Jersey and his descendants live in USA. Justice never married but was of independent means and her initials are over the unusual building she had built in Churchside in Howden. Alfred founded the Goole and Marshland Gazette in Aire Street. He later lived in Laxton.
William Eden Cass had a younger brother David born 1803 and four younger siblings who died as babies. The last was Elizabeth baptised 18th June 1810 who died 27th August. Her mother died in childbirth on 16th June.
William Cass snr married again on 1st January 1811. His wife was the former Mary Hawkins. They had at least seven further children Joseph Hawkins Cass b 1811 d 1849 John Cass b 1813 William Cass b1815 They were baptised at Howden. Then the family moved to Owston Ferry where Eliza was baptised in 1817, Laurenza in 1818 [died 1818] Mary Ann in 1822, Walter in 1826 and Lavinia in 1828.
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| Owston Ferry |
William snr described himself as a druggist on William Eden's birth but later as a surgeon,
William Eden Cass went to school firstly in Howden and then in Wintringham where he was tutored by Rev Lorenzo Grainger. It seems that the families were somehow related. When Rev Grainger died in 1839 he left £250 to David Cass 'grandson of his aunt Jane/Janet Cass' and £50 to William Eden Cass. As yet I have not worked out the connection.
Rev Grainger had an apparently eccentric sister Lavinia and William gave his first son the middle name Grainger.
So by the 1830s William Eden Cass had voyaged to the Arctic, been a surgeon on a whaling vessel and was settled in Goole living in Banks Terrace. In 1834 he married Ann Earnshaw whose father George Rawden Earnshaw was a prominent local landowner and farmer. There is still an important drain named for him - Earnshaw's Warping drain.
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William Eden Cass |
William and Ann had sons George Grainger b 1835, William Leonard b 1839 and Edward Earnshaw b 1843 More about them another time!!.
The family saw several weddings in 1837.
William's younger brother David was a chemist and druggist in Aire Street. In 1837 he married Ann Earle at York
Joseph Hawkins married Eleanor Fawcett in Hull also in 1837. Their son William Henry was born at Goole. the following year. Joseph was listed with his father at Owston Ferry in 1841 and described as a surgeon. [He died in Hull in 1849].
William born 1815 also married in 1837 Anna Isabella Scholfield, daughter of Joseph Gabriel Scholfield and grandaughter of John Scholfield of Sandhall near Howden. Their son Walter Lionel was born at Owston Ferry in 1841. William was a grocer and draper.
In 1841 John was an assistant surgeon living and working with older [half] brother William Eden in Goole.
In 1841 most of the rest of the family were in Owston Ferry.
But then in the 1840s several of them emigrated. Online records enable us to trace them.
In June 1848 William, Anna Isabella and their children Walter and Anne left Liverpool on the ship Patrick Henry arriving on 24 Jul 1848 at New York,
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| The Patrick Henry arriving in New York. The voyage normally took a little over a month |
Also on the ship were William's brother John a surgeon with his wife Ann and infant son William
In Sept 1849 aboard the ship Aberdeen from Liverpool was William Cass aged 75 and listed as a surgeon, Mrs Cass and Miss Cass
Also on the Aberdeen was their daughter Eliza Wright and her children Thomas, Mary Ann, Lorenzo, Walter and baby John. Not Thomas who had travelled earlier on the Richard Alsop
But by 1850 the census shows that the extended family were all close including their daughter Mary Ann who had married John Todd. William and Anna were there as were the Wrights
I have not followed all the family but I did find that buried at Oak Hill cemetery Elma Erie county was Dr William Cass aged 77 who died on 3rd May 1851. A long way from Howden and Owston Ferry.
Mr. JAMES WALKER begs to announce to the Public that he will SELL BY AUCT[ON, on Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, the 21st, 22nd, and 23rd Days of November, 1849, on the Premises, at Goole, in the occupation of Mr. David Cass, the whole of the superior Household Furniture, Silver Plate, Plated Goods, Bed and at Table Linen; upwards of 60 Dozen of British Champagne, Tent, Port, Sherry, Orange, Raisin, Currant, Ginger, Calcavella, and Cowslip Wines; a quantity of Wine, in Cask; a large Quantity of Groceries, and Drugs, with Sundry other Effects. The whole to be sold without reserve. The Sale to commence each Morning at Ten punctually, November 14, 1849.
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| Aire Street with the station on the left. David Cass will have seen this built as it opened in 1848 |
By 1850 David was alone in Newark New Jersey as a bookkeeper. By 1860 his wife and son William Earle Cass had joined him. He died in 1878. Maybe he met up with his cousin David Justice Small.
So by 1851 Dr Cass's extended family were mostly in the USA. But he remained in Goole until his death in 1890 outliving two of his three sons. But that is for another time.
